UDK: 378.33:656

Ivan V. Kholikov - Doctor of Law, professor, professor of the department of state-juridical disciplines of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, deputy head of the direction ‘Transport security’ of the Scientific-Advisory Section of the Center for Security Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract. The current paper has provided an overview of the results of scientific activity through the execution of research projects of graduate students and students and their discussion in the process of competitive selection to improve knowledge on the problems of legal regulation of transport security in the context of increasing risks and threats of a global nature, the formation of students' competencies necessary for subsequent project activity. The author of the current paper, as an expert, has carried out a critical analysis of the research works of students who won prizes based on the results of summing up the results of the competition of student scientific projects “Problems of legal support for the implementation of industry transport policy and enforcing transport security in the face of modern challenges and threats”, held within the framework of the II International Congress “Transport security and law: XXI century” (April 21, 2021). Since the objectives of the competition were to identify and support talented and creatively active students and graduate students, to stimulate them to research and master educational programs of higher education, the system-legal analysis of the results of works performed by students can contribute to solving the problem of identifying contradictions and gaps in legislation that have significant theoretical and practical importance for enforcing transport security, substantiating proposals on the need to improve the regulatory legal framework for transport security, as well as optimizing scientific activities on these issues. The proposals formulated by the participants can also contribute to improving the system of scientific support for the problems of legal regulation of transport safety and security, based on unified methodological approaches to the development of a conceptual and categorical apparatus. Due to the fact that the solutions proposed in the works of students have a significant degree of relevance for the further development of transport and legal science in this area, their implementation is important for improving the system of scientific and educational work of students.

UDK: 355.097.2:656

Olga M. Zemlina - Candidate of Law, docent, associate professor of the department ‘Transport Law’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport , honored worker of high professional education

Regina K. Nazarova - specialist of the Resource Training and Methodological Center for the training of disabled people and persons with disabilities, Director of the Social and Youth Policy Center of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The current paper, using the methods of the systemic legal approach, has considered the topical issues of involving students of the Russian University of Transport in volunteering, motivating them in providing assistance to disabled people and people with limited mobility on transport. The paper pays significant attention to the analysis of the mechanism and methods of realizing the potential of the volunteer movement from the point of view of the possibilities for the formation of socially significant qualities in students, value orientations that correspond to the needs of society and the tasks of the development of the transport complex, as well as the skills of legal and cultural behavior of transport specialists. The paper substantiates the conclusion about the need to use the opportunities of volunteering as a means of self-development of the student's personality. There has been studied the work experience of the established ‘Resource Training and Methodological Center for the Training of Disabled People and Persons with Disabilities’, operating on the basis of the Russian University of Transport, the directions of increasing the efficiency of activities to create conditions for the accessibility of higher education for people with disabilities, and promoting their further employment. Sociological analysis made it possible to identify and assess the level of motivation and interest of participants in the volunteering in training under the programs implemented at the Russian University of Transport. Due to it there were drawn appropriate conclusions regarding the incentives of students, including the most significant and widespread desire to help people, the wish to feel needed, the desire to master new skills and acquire skills, which fully meets the requirements for the results of the educational process at the Russian University of Transport. This fully applies to such an area as the assistance of volunteers in ensuring the mobility of people with disabilities at railway infrastructure facilities. Based on the results of the study, there has been concluded that it is important to attract students of the Russian University of Transport to participate in the volunteering for the implementation of the tasks set in the Concept for training personnel for the transport complex until 2035, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 6, 2021 No. 255-r.

UDK: 378:656

Nikolay Al. Dukhno - Doctor of Law, professor, Director of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport , honorary worker of higher education of the Russian Federation

Abstract. The special properties of the transport industry are the main factor that requires the formation of transport education, the content and form of which can provide training for specialists in the demanded transport professions. Transport education is a special type of educational activity that has the properties of educating transport workers, and can be fully developed if the strengthening of communication between transport universities and practical units of the transport complex will be carried out under the control of a single executive authority in the field of transport. The shortcomings of domestic education impede the education of transport workers and result in losses. The way to get rid of them is the development of transport education according to the new way proposed by the author of the current paper. Transport education, with its new content, can become the main means of educating true specialists capable of achieving the goals set in state program documents.

UDK: 378.1

Sergey L. Lobachev - Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor, head of the department ‘Information Technologies in Jurisprudence and management documentation’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. Specialists have been dealing with the development of the information and educational environment of the university and the education system in Russia for about 25 years. During this period, the relevance of this issue has changed a lot, and electronic information and educational environments (EIEE) of universities have become real only due to an appropriate regulatory framework. However, the development of EIEE until 2020 was carried out mainly in order to ensure compliance with regulatory documents. The implementation of the educational process was carried out using distance learning systems (DLS), many of which were developed and implemented long before the emergence of EIEE in universities. The situation changed dramatically in 2020, and this led to a reconsidering of many existing provisions in conditions of time pressure. EIEE turned out to be unable to provide significant assistance to universities in the context of the epidemic, since they were not an instrument of the educational process, but information showcases for regulatory authorities. The experience gained in 2020 made it possible to analyze how successfully EIEE cope with support of the educational process, and outline ways to improve them. In the current work there was made an attempt to generalize the proposals for improving the EIEE of the Russian University of Transport (RUT), developed by students of the Law Institute RUT. The data presented in the work were the results of studying course works completed in the fall of 2020. Each student could make any number of proposals. The conducted analysis made it possible to break down all proposals into three categories: technical revision, supply EIEE with functions like the LMS, and information contents. The analysis made it possible to outline two ways for the further development of the EIEE in RUT and highlight one of them, which can ensure the development of EIEE without the risk of disrupting the educational process and further integration of the university into a promising industry information environment.

UDK: 347.463

Nikolay Al. Dukhno - Doctor of Law, professor, Director of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport, honorary worker of higher education of the Russian Federation

Anna Al. Chebotareva - Doctor of Law, docent, head of the department ‘Administrative Law, Ecological Law, Information Law’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The current paper has given an excursion covering the history of the International Transport and Law Forum, which was organized by the department ‘Administrative Law, ecological law, information law’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport . The forum was initiated by the head of the department, Doctor of Law, Anna Aleksandrovna Chebotareva, when realizing the importance of the growing urgent problems of introducing new digitalization technologies and artificial intelligence into the transport industry. In 2019 there was held the first International Transport and Law Forum, where there was decided to hold it annually in order to discuss legal problems that are constantly increasing as a result of the introduction of digitalization technologies into the transport systems of different countries, which are interconnected by transportation. There has been presented a brief overview of research works made at the third International Transport and Law Forum, held on February 10, 2021 at the Law Institute . The forum dealt with urgent legal problems related to the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the field of transport activities. The scientific results obtained at the forum attracted the attention of practicing researchers and students of transport universities.

UDK: 378.1

Sergey L. Lobachev - Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor, head of the department ‘Information Technologies in Jurisprudence and Management Documentation’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The current paper has considered the readiness of educational organizations in the transport industry to form a sectoral information and educational environment and its practical implementation, namely a network sectoral transport university. There has been noted that the regulatory framework provides the possibility of a network educational process, but the possibility of integration of transport universities at the program-technological level was not clear until recently. The situation was significantly affected by the processes of 2020, when universities inevitably had to organize the educational process using distance learning technologies, which resulted in establishing distance learning platforms to analyze mutual integration. In addition, the overwhelming majority of teachers have gained experience in the practical use of distance technologies in the educational process, which allowed us to speak about the formation of competencies necessary to provide the project of a network sectoral transport university with the teaching staff. The current paper has discussed the reasons for practical implementation of such a university precisely in the context of the events of 2020. There has been noted that virtual bodies of educational institutions in the structure of a network university are distance learning systems of participating universities, and the obvious predominance of the Moodle platform among transport universities provides the possibility to implement almost any protocols and regulations required for the practical implementation of the project. There has been argued that in 2020 there were formed necessary conditions for the establishment of a network industry university, although it is still necessary to solve the economic and methodological problems facing this project, but such issues are beyond the scope of the current paper.

UDK: 656(082)

Nikolay Al. Dukhno - Doctor of Law, professor, Director of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport, honorary worker of higher education of the Russian Federation

Abstract. The current paper has considered the problems of assessing the quality of education which is identified by the level of education of transport universities’ graduates. The drawbacks in the methods of assessing the education of specialists who have obtained higher education, have become the reason for a formal approach to the criteria that determine the quality of transport education. The level of quality of transport education will increase when it becomes possible to introduce a system into the development process that contributes to the real improvement of enlightenment. The system does not limit the changes with one or two ways, it applies their combination and close connection, which will provide an integrated, systematic approach to the real achievement of high training of specialists demanded by transport industry. The proposed system requires its development, deep study by specialists who will be involved into the process of transport education improvement. A high moral worldview, worthy financial support, reliable legal regulations will contribute to the implementation of new methods in the development of transport education.

UDK: 378.1

Sergey L. Lobachev - Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor, head of the department ‘Information Technologies in Jurisprudence and management documentation’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Oleg An. Malygin - senior lecturer of the department ‘Information Technologies in Jurisprudence and management documentation’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. The current paper has considered the particular relevance of the implementation and use of distance learning systems (hereinafter referred to as DLS) in the educational process of transport universities in Russia, since this sphere is characterized with the territorial distribution and remoteness of its specialists from educational centers. Under these conditions, the transport education system should provide an advanced training opportunity for employees of the industry not only throughout the Russian Federation, but also anywhere in the world. Therefore, there has been raised a question about the analysis of decisions taken by transport universities in terms of the implementation of various DLS. Such a review and subsequent analysis of the made decisions will allow developing recommendations for their mutual integration and the formation of interuniversity programs of transport education in the context of the digitalization of the industry. The analysis of 20 universities in the transport industry has shown, that the Moodle platform was a dominant one both in its pure form and in the form of DLS, where the software add-ons were added to the basic configuration, which allowed hiding its technological features and providing users with an intuitive interface formed for each category of users. There has been established that a number of DLS platforms, which often appear in the lists of the most popular when organizing corporate training, were not included in the list of DLS used by universities. The revealed division of the sectors of corporate and higher distance learning at the level of the used platforms can serve as an obstacle to the formation of an industry educational environment, since the integration of higher education with corporate training is one of the promising areas in the training of the 21st century specialists, but it can be compensated for by access to open source dominant platform Moodle.

UDK: 656(082)

Nikolay Al. Dukhno - Doctor of Law, professor, Director of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport (MIIT), honorary worker of higher education of the Russian Federation

Abstract. The current paper has considered existing problems of the transport education being formed in new economic relations, when the circumstances that induce the development of new approaches to improving the quality of transport specialists’ training, become obvious. The current paper has presented the author's conclusions based on personal perception of the educational process in the system of domestic education. The general culture is being changed under the influence of education, but if the education process is not included in its process, the public enlightenment will not improve and the trained specialists will be unable to solve the tasks set by the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation. Transport education will not be able to develop fruitfully without improvement of the general education, the state of which largely determines the level of culture and the preparedness of school leavers to continue their studies at universities. There have been proposed the ways and methods to establish specialized transport schools based on the experience of those that exist in this country. There has been proposed to improve the mechanisms of transport education financing to develop it efficiently.

UDK: 341.24

Vasiliy N. Gutsulyak - Doctor of Law, professor, head of the department ‘Maritime law’ of the of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport, honorary worker of the Navy, president of the International Maritime Law Association

Abstract. One of the features of training future transport fleet commanders in higher education programs is that, along with educational diplomas, they must also receive professional diplomas/certificates for occupying a particular position on the vessel. The content of these programs, qualification requirements, the procedure for issuing such diplomas (certification), minimum standards of competency and other related issues are regulated not only and not so much by Russian legislation as by International Law, which are present in special international treaties, in transport conventions. The main role among them belongs to the International Convention on the Training and Certification of Sailors and Watchkeepers in 1978, substantially amended and supplemented in 1995 and 2010. This Convention is known among experts under the acronym TCSW (sometimes TCW). The Russian Federation is also a member of the Convention. In this regard, the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education in the specialty “Navigation” of 2018 has established that the specialization program in this area is implemented taking into account the requirements of the TCW Convention and the Maritime Labor Convention 2006. According to the requirements of the TCSW Convention, one of the most important disciplines that should be studied by future professional sailors is Maritime Law. Without a deep knowledge of the provisions of Maritime Law, a future transport officer cannot be awarded with a professional diploma. First of all, it is in this sense that Maritime Law is a conventional academic discipline. The current paper has examined the genesis of conventional requirements for the level of training of sailors, including those related to Maritime Law. The current paper has focused on the TCSW Convention, which has undergone a major evolution from its issue in 1978 to subsequent amendments in 1995 and 2010. The author has analyzed the provisions of the TCSW Code, which are connected with the requirements for the qualification of fleet commanders in the field of Maritime Law, and there has been considered the basic minimum competency standards in this regard. As a result, there has been summarized that the requirements for knowledge of the provisions of Maritime Law stand out when assessing the qualifications of candidates for professional maritime diplomas/certificates both at the management level (captains and senior command personnel of the vessels) and at the operational level (watchkeeping officers and watchkeeping mechanics). The final part of the current paper has presented the main conclusions on the studied issue.