UDK: 342.76

Sergey N. Yazykeev - judge of the Saratov Regional Court

Abstract. The current paper has presented the analysis of the specifics of restrictions on human rights and freedoms to enforce national security under martial law and during counter-terrorism operations. There has been noted that in conditions of martial law and counter-terrorism operations, personal, political, socio-economic, and even cultural constitutional human rights defined in the law are subject to restrictions. However, the implementation of some of them may be completely prohibited. There have been identified contradictions in the current legislation of the Russian Federation and proposed scientifically based recommendations for their elimination.

UDK: 347.9

David Ar. Melkonyan - Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. There have been considered some theoretical, legal, and practical aspects of licensing activities in general and in the field of transport security. There has been carried out an etymological analysis of the term “permitting activity”. There have been identified main forms of licensing activities carried out to ensure transport security, such as licensing, certification, accreditation, certification, and their legal characteristics. There have been shown some problematic issues in this area, formulated additional arguments in favor of the need to adopt a federal law on licensing activities in the Russian Federation.

UDK: 347.9

Maksim V. Lavrukhin - Tambov State University named after G. R. Derzhavin

Svetlana V. Vorobieva - Tambov State University named after G. R. Derzhavin

Abstract. Currently, sabotage and reconnaissance groups of unfriendly countries are planning and committing acts of illegal interference against critical infrastructure facilities and transport infrastructure facilities of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to recognize that currently the information reflected in restricted documents, which contain information about the anti-terrorism protection of critical infrastructure facilities, is publicly available. There have been many successful counterintelligence and counter-intelligence efforts undertaken by national security agencies to combat the aforementioned threats. At the same time, when analyzing regulatory legal acts regulating activities in the field of enforcing transport security, there can be seen problems that currently need to be quickly resolved. The current paper has discussed individual regulatory legal acts, which, according to the authors, should be amended and (or) supplemented. There has been also considered the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for the purpose of committing acts of illegal interference, including terrorist acts, as the most pressing modern threats to transport infrastructure facilities. The current study also contains several proposals aimed at increasing the efficiency of legal regulation of transport infrastructure facilities and specific measures to optimize the competence of responsible entities in this area.

UDK: 342.518

Sergey Iv. Girko - Doctor of Law, professor, main researcher of the Center for Security Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, main researcher of the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, honored scientist of the Russian Federation

Aleksey M. Voronov - Doctor of Law, professor, main researcher of the Center for Security Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, main researcher of the All-Russian Research Institute of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

Artem V. Mazein - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Ural Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, senior researcher of the Center for Security Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract. The changing external environment determines the growth of threats to transport infrastructure, and therefore today it is necessary to update the idea of the system of subjects of public administration in the field of transport security. The significance of such a study is in considering the constitutional principle of the unity of the system of public power, as well as in the context of the need for digital transformation of the state. With this approach, there can be established an expanded network system of public administration entities, which, in the context of digitalization, truly meets the principle of building a unified system of public authority. This is ensured by the possibility of digital interdepartmental interaction within the framework of a unified state information system for ensuring transport security. Current trends in digitalization allow the authors to suggest directions for the development of the area under consideration (for example, the introduction of the principle of proactivity for the certification of transport security forces).

UDK: 342.519

Sergey Iv. Girko - Doctor of Law, professor, Security Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, honored scientist of the Russian Federation

Aleksey M. Voronov - Doctor of Law, professor, Security Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract. Based on the analysis of fundamental documents in the field of national security of the Russian Federation, as well as regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the current paper has stated that in more than 30% of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, there have been formed the institutional foundations of public administration in the field of ensuring public safety, which predetermined the establishment of a special regional body, whose competence includes various issues in the field of ensuring public safety.

UDK: 342.3:323

Aleksey M. Voronov - Doctor of Law, professor, Main researcher of RC 4, All-Russian research Institute of the MIA of Russia

Abstract. In the current paper the author has considered the threats and challenges to the national security of the Russian Federation, because of the current negative geopolitical situation in modern society, which are caused, first of all, by the special military operation carried out by the Russian Federation to denazify and demilitarize Ukraine. Also, a significant threat to the national security of Russia in the current conditions of social tension is a cognitive threat based on the use of “vulnerabilities of the human brain” and having a synergistic effect in combination with the man-made pandemic of the coronavirus COVID-19. An equally significant threat to the security of modern Russia is the ethnic component, which has now been transformed from a security challenge into a more capacious concept, namely migration security.

UDK: 327

Maxim V. Lavrukhin - Joint Stock Company “Arktikmorneftegazrazvedka”

Abstract. In the current geopolitical conditions, enforcement of the national security of the Russian Federation is a priority issue. A lot of efforts are being made to implement it. After the start of a special military operation in Ukraine, transport security enforcement has become an important issue, since it is most convenient to make a terrorist act in order to intimidate the population, escalate panic, and activate the anti-war movement in transport. Currently, special services employees properly provide the necessary security. In order to enforce transport security in the south of Russia, there was canceled a communication at a number of large airports that are located near Ukrainian borders. In the current paper, the author has tried to scientifically analyze and critically comprehend transport security as an element of Russia’s national security.

UDK: 574(075.8)

Galina V. Vypkhanova - Doctor of Law, professor, Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)

The current paper has been prepared as part of the Strategic Academic Leadership Program “Priority-2030” and with the information support of the SPS ConsultantPlus.

Abstract. In the conditions of the modern civilizational crisis, the role of strategic planning is increasing to ensure environmental, climatic, biological, and other types of national security, environmental protection, and rational nature management. There has been given an assessment of strategic planning documents in the environmental sphere, considered the priority strategy areas as an integral part of the scientific trend of environmental law, the most important basis for state environmental policy and management. As a methodological basis for the development and implementation of environmental strategic planning documents, it is necessary to single out the principle of ecosystems (ecosystem approach), as well as the concept of sustainable development. Their application will contribute to solving the problems of strategic planning, including consistency, correlation between targets, tasks, indicators of strategies programs in the environmental sphere and strategy documents in other areas and trends. There have been given the proposals for adapting strategic planning in the environmental sphere and related areas to external and internal challenges and threats, and for increasing its effectiveness.

UDK: 614.8(075.8)

Nataliya V. Mamitova - Doctor of Law, professor, professor of the department of the government studies of the Institute of Civil Service and Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)

Abstract. The current paper has considered legal examination as a tool that plays a significant role in enforcing national security, the study of the problems of which at the present stage of development of legal science is of great importance. Legal examination in Russia makes it possible, among other things, to identify threats to national security in general and its individual types in particular. Expansion of legal examination to individual objects of national security seems to be a matter of the nearest future, taking into account the growth in the number of challenges and threats in the modern world. First of all, it concerns information and food security. In the current study there has been used the concept of ‘legal security’; there have been analyzed various views on this phenomenon. There has been made a conclusion that the optimal approach would be, on the one hand, the use of law in security science as an independent object of national security, and on the other, the understanding of legal security as the protection of the law itself in the state from the arbitrariness of the authorities of all branches and levels or individual representatives of the authorities, i.e. there has been proposed some narrowing of the content of the concept ‘legal security’ in comparison with the understanding of this security object by some scientists. There has been analyzed the efficiency of anti-corruption expertise as a type of legal examination, which, contrary to presence in normative legal acts of norms that contribute to corruption, also plays a significant role in enforcing security of an individual, society and the state. There has been concluded that legal examination should be mandatory, regardless of the state of the law.

UDK: 372.882

Kirill V. Alekseev - Candidate of Philological Sciences, docent, dean of the faculty of Russian philology and national culture of the Ryazan State University named for S. Yesenin

Abstract. The current paper has presented the analysis of the Russian language as an object of national security of the Russian Federation, the specific features of which, first of all, is that it is simultaneously included in the system of ensuring all three fundamental security objects, such as personal security, public security and state security. There have been briefly described the threats associated with the current state of the official language of Russia, which, in particular, include the unjustified use of foreign language vocabulary; the use of the Latin alphabet in the names of various commercial organizations and enterprises, or a mixture of the Latin and Cyrillic alphabet, which is not controlled by anyone and is not motivated by anything, except for attracting attention; a huge number of English borrowings used primarily on the Internet; declining literacy and professional competence of state and municipal employees; spelling in normative legal acts that differs from normative; lack of legal regulation of publishing, etc. There has been presented a laconic analysis of the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation 2021, including its comparison with the National Security Strategy of 2015. There has been shown that, in general, despite some shortcomings, the Strategy of 2021 opens up serious prospects for serious changes in the field of protection and support of the official language of the Russian Federation. There has been made a general conclusion that the Russian language as the official language is a specific object of the national security of Russia. It can be classified as a universal object of national security, personal security and public security (moreover, all three at the same time). The official language of Russia acts as a kind of guarantor of other objects of this triad, for example, territorial integrity in the field of national security or spiritual and material value in the field of public security.