UDK: 327(059)

Andrey V. Khodos - Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper deals with a comprehensive study of the legal framework for the development of transport and technological complexes in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the context of Russia’s national interests. There have been analyzed the main regulatory legal acts governing this area, particularly the Fundamentals of State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic till 2035 and the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and National Security till 2035. Particular attention has been paid to identifying gaps in the legal regulation of the development of Arctic transport and technological complexes. There have been proposed measures to improve state and legal measures to support the development of transport and technological complexes in the Arctic region.

UDK: 316.472

Vladimir M. Redkous - Doctor of Law, Professor, Security Problems Studies Center of RAS, Institute of State and Law of RAS, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Public safety and security, as an independent form of national security, requires the utmost attention to its implementation, including scientific research. Public safety also includes issues of overcoming various crisis situations that may arise in public administration, the political system, the environmental, food, and other sectors of state and public life. The current paper has presented a general analysis of the legal status of crisis management centers for public safety in the CIS legal space and a more detailed analysis of the organization and functioning of the National Crisis Management Center of the Republic of Moldova. The presented material will expand the methodological framework for scientific research on the organization and operation of crisis management centers for public safety, which can be taken into account in the lawmaking and law enforcement activities of authorized bodies in the Russian context.

The paper was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of issues of public safety and security as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.

UDK: 316.472

Denis V. Iroshnikov - Doctor of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Legal Support of National Security, Law, and Law and Order at the Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Chief Researcher, Security Problems Studies Center of RAS, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the boundaries and content of public safety and security in the legal dimension. Based on an analysis of doctrinal and normative sources, there have been identified the boundaries of public safety and security, established its relationship with such related concepts a “state security”, “individual safety and security”, and “public order”), and defined a system for ensuring public safety and security and its legal framework.

The paper was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of issues of public safety and security as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.

UDK: 342.6

Aleksey M. Voronov - Doctor of Law, Professor, Chief Researcher, Security Problems Studies Center of RAS, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. There is no consensus among scholars on the definition of “public safety and security”. The legal interpretation of the concept of “public safety and security” is provided in the Concept of Public Safety in the Russian Federation, approved by the President of the Russian Federation in November 2013. Clause 4 defines public safety and security as “the state of protection of individuals and citizens, the material and spiritual assets of society from criminal and other unlawful attacks, social and interethnic conflicts, as well as from natural and man-made emergencies”. The author’s approach to the interpretation of this concept, which consists of moving away from the understanding of “safety and security” as a “state of protection from danger”, assumes such a relationship between the phenomena under consideration, in which they do not exclude each other, but within the framework of interaction they exert mutual influence and pressure on each other. This interaction of positive and negative trends within a social system inevitably results in its dynamic change and development, as emerging threats lead to the refinement of the protective mechanism, while the system's countermeasures, in turn, to a certain extent, determine the prevention of threats. We don’t guard or protect safety and security; we ensure it. We ensure the safety of existence and the sustainable, progressive development of individuals, society, and the state, and the category of “ensuring” is quite comprehensive and multifaceted.

UDK: 343.7

Valentina Iv. Shiyan - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Despite the measures taken to prevent property crimes, it is difficult to see solely favorable trends in this type of crime. Regardless of the rate of decline in the number of property crimes and their perpetrators, not only nationally but also in federal districts and most constituent entities of the Russian Federation, this type of crime poses a threat to national and public security. This situation is primarily due to their dominance in the structure of crime, which predetermines its quantitative and qualitative characteristics; self-serving motivation; the steady increase in the use of information and telecommunications technologies in their commission; huge harm, etc. The relevance of the issues discussed in the current paper is also underlined by the increased degree of public danger posed by individuals who commit crimes against property. For the most part, this is the most criminal contingent, which differs from other categories of criminals by a low level of education, the absence of a permanent source of income, a high rate of recidivism, the most negative moral and psychological characteristics, a wide prevalence of mental disorders, etc. The current paper has presented the study results of Russian legislation, scientific papers, and statistical indicators of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the period from 2020 to 2024 on crimes under Chapter 21 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as a longitudinal study of the personality of a criminal, based on investigative and judicial practice materials and forensic psychiatric examinations. The primary attention has been paid to the status and trends of index crimes against property. According to the author, the study results have demonstrated the necessity to improve the efficiency of measures aimed at preventing property crimes.

UDK: 332.1

Maksim Al. Serkov - Applicant of the department of legal support for national security, law, and order Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the issues of improving legal frameworks for comprehensive security in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. There has been substantiated the necessity to establish a federal territory, “The Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation”, and to develop and approve a Strategy for Enforcing Comprehensive Security in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.

UDK: 343.34

Valery An. Novikov - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has examined the crucial issues of criminal liability for occupying a high-ranking position in a criminal hierarchy. Article 210.1 was introduced into the Russian Criminal Code five years ago, but the scholars have been debating what constitutes grounds for criminal liability for this crime. Based on an analysis of doctrinal views and case law, there has been concluded that the basis for criminal liability lies in the socially dangerous actions of a person occupying a high position in the criminal hierarchy, who controls the criminal environment. There have been given practical recommendations for classifying the crime and distinguishing it from the related offense under Part 4 of Article 210 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author of this article has supported the view that the crime under Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is continuous, and substantiated this conclusion based on theoretical principles of criminal law. There have been outlined the circumstances under which a person occupying a high position in a criminal hierarchy cannot be held liable under Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. There has been also substantiated that the perpetrator of this crime can only be a special perpetrator. Based on selected court rulings, there has been demonstrated that the application of Article 210.1 of the Russian Criminal Code has been tested not only on “thieves in law” but also on “position holders”. In future, the scope of criminal offenders may be expanded to include so-called “watchers” of various facilities and territories, i.e., criminal leaders with a lower but significant status in the criminal hierarchy.

UDK: 811:342

Kirill V. Alekseev - Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Literature and Journalism Department, Faculty of Russian Philology and National Culture, Ryazan State University named for S. Yesenin, Ryazan, Russia; Senior Researcher at the Security Problems Studies Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has examined the structural and systemic aspects of security because of the lack of a unified understanding of security types in science and the Russian legal framework. There has been proposed a security framework that divides security into two levels (international and national security), and national security into categories (personal security, public security, and state security) and types (environmental security, transport security, economic security, etc.). There has been argued that this framework could streamline and standardize the classification of national security components, establish their hierarchy, and more logically and clearly define Russia’s national security system.

UDK: 347.471

Viktor M. Shenshin - Candidate of Law, Security Problems Studies Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg State Fire Service University of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters named after the Hero of the Russian Federation, Army General E.N. Zinichev, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Abstract. Civil society is one of the key elements to ensure public security as a strategic national priority. The current study has focused on the evolution of scholarly approaches to the formation and development of civil society institutions in the field of public security enforcement. The dialogue between the state and civil society, aimed at improving mechanisms for interaction in ensuring public security, is not a static process, but a system of measures with corresponding dynamics of development that is constantly subject to improvement.

The paper was prepared as part of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of public security issues as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.

UDK: 332.1

Maksim Al. Serkov - The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the public and legal support for certain types of comprehensive security in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. There have been analyzed the legal issues related to the enforcement of state security, military security, public security, transport security, tourism security, economic, energy, and food security, as well as the protection of population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies.