UDK: 342.951:351.82

Nikolay L. Shelukhin - Doctor of Law, professor, Institute of Economic Research, Donetsk

Abstract. The current paper has analyzed the status and development prospects of the transport complex of the Donetsk People’s Republic. There has been proposed to open a specialty “Legal Support of National Security” at the Mariupol State University named after A. Kuindzhi.

UDK: 629

Ekaterina V. Ushakova - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Russian Customs Academy

Valeriya V. Andrianova - Candidate of Law, Moscow Humanitarian Economic University (MHEU)

Ekaterina Iv. Kobzeva - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. The current paper has considered some aspects of liability for actions that threaten the safe operation of vehicles. There is a problem of holding liable in all types of transport, including railways. Thus, at present, due to widespread digitalization and the posting of propaganda information on Internet pages, risky travel by rail is becoming increasingly frightening. The activity of “train surfers” is presented in a positive, attractive way, arousing interest in young people. The adoption of a law in terms of observing the rights, freedoms in safe operation of the activity of train surfers will be the implementation of the principle of social justice.

UDK: 656.13

Olga N. Skuybedina - Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, associate professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Anastasiya Ed. Sobalevskaya - Moscow Polytechnic University

Abstract. The current paper has presented the results of an experimental study to examine the effect of the context of advertisement on the level of message perception and changes in behavioral intentions regarding drunk driving. During the experiment, 112 students of the Moscow Polytechnic University aged 20-23 watched three advertising videos prohibiting drunk driving. The conducted survey and the obtained results have confirmed the main effect of advertising orientation on the perceived threat, efficiency, acceptance, or rejection of the advertisement. There has been found a dependence of the perception of the advertising message on the change in behavioral attitude to the problem among high (HSS) and low (LSS) sensation seekers. The data analysis has shown that for both HSS and LSS, sensory-oriented advertisement was more effective in enhancing perceived threat, message acceptance, or message rejection than cognitive-oriented messages. There has been also established that relative superiority of sensory-oriented advertising in changing the behavioral intentions of respondents over cognitive-oriented advertising, which will allow increasing the level of responsible driving and, thereby, the level of road safety while creating and developing more convincing advertisement.

UDK: 338.4

Viktor M. Koryakin - Doctor of Law, professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. There have been considered the main prerequisites for the design and construction of high-speed railway lines in Russia. There have been analyzed historical aspects of this issue. There has been given a general description of the main parameters of the Moscow-St. Petersburg high-speed railway project, the implementation of which in 2024 is becoming practical. There has been substantiated a necessity to improve legal regulation of issues of design, construction, and operation of high-speed highways as a mandatory condition for the implementation of this project. There have been proposed coherent changes and additions to transport legislation aimed at legal legitimization of high-speed rail transport in the Russian Federation.

UDK: 347.823

Ildar R. Al’bikov - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Ulyanovsk Civil Aviation Institute

Abstract. The current paper deals with the consideration of legal aspects and problems of regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles in the airspace. There have been analyzed relevant legal acts and international agreements governing the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. There have been considered the issues of liability for violation of airspace laws when operating drones, as well as measures to ensure flight safety and the protection of personal data when using these devices. There have been highlighted possible changes in legislation to regulate this area and reduce the risks associated with the use of drones. The current paper has also provided a comparative analysis of the legal norms of various countries in this area and highlighted the main trends in the development of regulation of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the airspace.

UDK: 631.95

Aleksey Ig. Khimchenko - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)

Abstract. Digitalization processes contribute to changing the approach to the organization of many technological processes. The development of the unmanned aerial vehicle industry, being among the typical examples of the implementation of such transformations, can qualitatively change the approach to organizing the flight process. At the same time, there is also a transformation of many related and supporting processes that are crucial for the result. The development of technological solutions and the complication of architectural approaches for their implementation, the increase in the number of subjects and the perimeter of information interaction require a separate approach to the security of the information infrastructure that ensures the implementation of the flight. In the current paper there have been considered the features of the development of unmanned aerial vehicles, analyzed trends and approaches to information security enforcement, and developed proposals for improving information infrastructure security.

UDK: 656.052.8

Dmitry V. Stankevich - College of the Dubna State University

Abstract. The current paper has considered the problems of the quality of educational programs for drivers’ training in driving schools of the Russian Federation due to the low level of pedagogical skills of theory teachers, industrial training masters, and control of compliance with licensing requirements by driving schools; the absence of entrance examinations to enroll a person as a candidate driver with the subsequent admission of each student to the exam at the State Traffic Inspectorate. Modern drivers’ training methods largely involve mindless memorization of answers to exam questions and mechanical actions when driving a vehicle. The 2013 reforms in drivers’ training turned out to be ineffective and gave rise to new problems that have not yet been resolved. In fact, this is a commercial organization that aims to make a profit, while neglecting the quality of the service provided. Changes in the examination rules during this period also did not bring the expected results.

UDK: 347.9

David Ar. Melkonyan - Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. There have been considered theoretical and methodological foundations of the correlation between the concepts of “control and supervisory activities” and “licensing activities” in relation to enforcing transport security. There have been shown the role and place of these types of activities in enforcing transport security. There have been revealed their contents and purpose, as well as the close correlation between them.

UDK: 342.951

Oksana Iv. Mamina - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Evgeny Al. Nesterov - Candidate of Law, head of the Law Institute, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. The question of the essence and nature of supervisory activities is under constant attention of modern legal scholars and legal practitioners. Supervision is one of the tools of public administration, which is used to establish and enforce general and special legal order as the implementation of the principle of legality. The current paper deals with the study of approaches to understanding the category of “supervision” in general and federal state control (supervision) in the field of transport security, as one of the types of administrative supervision, a way to enforce constitutional law and order and security. There has been given statistics on law enforcement practice for this type of supervision for 2022 and the analysis of its materials.

UDK: 338.4

Viktor M. Koryakin - Doctor of Law, professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. The current paper has presented an analysis of the legislation on strategic planning of the Russian Federation in the development of the country’s transport complex. There have been analyzed the program documents operating in this area, the main of which are the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 with a forecast for the period until 2035 and the state program “Development of the Transport System”, approved by the government of the Russian Federation in 2021 and 2017, respectively. According to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2024, No. 309, which defines the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 and for the future until 2036, there has been announced the development of the national project “Efficient Transport System”. In this regard, the current paper has substantiated the need to adjust long-term program documents in the field of transport to achieve the target indicators of this national project.