UDK: 656.078.12

Roman L. Kharlanov - post graduate of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. In connection with the increased role of information security in general, as well as against the background of the Federal Law “On the Security of the Critical Information Infrastructure of the Russian Federation” that has been in effect for almost four years, the issue of enforcing information security on transport and the role of state bodies authorized to solve relevant problems is of great relevance. There have been used formal logical and historical methods in the current study. As a result of the study, the author has formulated conclusions about the priority tasks of state bodies authorized to solve tasks to enforce information security, taking into account new challenges and threats, which, first of all, are due to the most powerful development of end-to-end digital technologies.

UDK: 621.9.048.7

Aleksandr N. Pimenov - post graduate of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Tahir S. Efendiev - Candidate of Law, docent, associate professor of the department ‘Administrative Law, Ecological Law, Information Law’, Law Institute, Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The purpose of the current study was a comprehensive analysis of the legal nature of biometric identification and its significance in the context of the transformation of the transport complex. The main methods used in the study were formal-logical and comparative-legal in order to comprehensively analyze the current legislation of Russia, as well as foreign countries in the field of personal biometric data protection. As a result of the study, there have been substantiated the conclusions about the positive value of the use of biometric identification on transport in order to ensure security, as well as the necessity to increase attention of the legislator to the issue of protecting personal data in general, including biometric data.

UDK: 347.763:656:005.932

Ekaterina Iv. Kobzeva - Candidate of Law, associate professor of the department ‘Theory of Law, History of Law and International Law’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Ekaterina V. Ushakova - Candidate of Law, associate professor of the department of civil law disciplines of the Moscow Finance and Law Faculty, deputy chairman of the Moscow Bar Association “Victoria”, attorney

Dmitriy G. Tkachenko - lawyer of the LLC «Firm of Social Innovations»

Abstract. The modern development of the Russian Federation and the success of socio-economic transformations in the country largely depend on the development of transport, which is a connecting role between the subjects of the state and between economic objects of economic activity. The expansion of the practical implementation of digital technologies in all spheres of life, including transport and transport communications, infrastructure for ensuring the safety of transport communications, stimulate the necessity for the state to develop an administrative and legal mechanism for legal regulation in the field of digital technologies. Nowadays, digital technologies are being used as a tool for road safety. At the same time, the records made using digital technologies serve as evidence of the commission of offenses in the course of traffic. The current paper has demonstrated the introduction of digital technologies in the technical control of road transport for its safe operation during operation on highways. There has been considered the introduction of databases to protect the rights of persons with disabilities as drivers and passengers of road transport. The use of digital banking and specialized fare cards have become a new element of reality, which has led to the necessity to improve the administrative and legal mechanism in regulating fare payments and ensuring data security. The introduction of digital technologies has become a serious improvement in the protection of the rights of people with disabilities, who can now submit documents in digital form, as well as use an electronic reception for applications. The importance of legal regulation of digital technologies, ensuring the cybersecurity of databases, the use of more evidence obtained using digital technologies are the problems identified in the study of the legal support of digital technologies in ensuring the safety of the functioning of transport and its passengers in Russia.

UDK: 656.13:681.322

Galina Al. Gunderich - Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate professor of the department of criminal procedure, criminalistics and prosecutor’s participation in criminal proceedings of the Crimean Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation

Elena V. Latysheva - Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, head of the department of documentation and archives of the Crimean Federal University named after V.I. Vernadsky

Abstract. The current paper has studied the role of artificial intelligence in document flow and archives in government and other structures of the Russian Federation. There has been made an attempt to analyze the published works on the research. There have been considered the provisions of the National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence for the Period up to 2030, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 10, 2019 No. 490 “On the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Russian Federation”. There have been analyzed the approaches to the implementation of artificial intelligence systems. There has been paid much attention to the issues of digitalization of the prosecutor's office, and to the issue of introducing artificial intelligence technologies into the activities of Russian ministries and federal services. The range of legal problems arising in connection with the use of artificial intelligence technologies is very wide. For this reason, it seems appropriate to study the provisions of the Federal Law of April 24, 2020 No. 123-FZ “On conducting an experiment to establish special regulation in order to create the necessary conditions for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation: in the city of federal significance Moscow and amendments to Articles 6 and 10 of the Federal Law “On Personal Data” and analyze them for practical use. There have been determined the prospects for the use of artificial intelligence in the field of document flow.

UDK: 656.1

Ekaterina Iv. Kobzeva - Candidate of Law, associate professor of the department ‘Theory of law, history of law and international law’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Mikhail V. Morgunov - assistant judge, judicial section of the magistrate No. 290 of the Perovo district

Aleksandr V. Romanov - lawyer of the Transport company "Byte Transit Continent"

Abstract. The purpose of the current paper was to consider topical issues related to the development of an accessible environment for people with disabilities and people with limited mobility. The paper has examined and analyzed statistics, regulations and changes in them, the pros and cons of government measures. The authors have revealed the relationship between the concepts of "a disabled person" and "a person with limited mobility". The consideration of problematic issues has not been limited only by theory or legislation. There have been also provided concrete examples of how to create an accessible environment in all its variety. There has been made a particular emphasis on the analysis of the results of the implementation of the "Accessible Environment" program, which is being implemented at all levels of government and administration. There has been analyzed suburban railway transport. There has been also considered foreign experience where the emphasis was made on the technological component. Taking into account all these aspects, the authors have set the task of developing effective measures to eliminate gaps and deficiencies in legislation, and the experience of other states should be borrowed taking into account local specifics.

UDK: 004:334.021:341.24:656

Aleksandra M. Lobanova - Candidate of Economic Sciences, docent, associate professor of the department ‘Informational technologies in jurisprudence and management documentation’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The digital transformation of economic sectors creates both completely new challenges and new requirements for existing practices and agreements, and this directly concerns transport and accompanying documents in the activities of Russian transport and logistics, such as invoices (bill of lading), certificates for international road freights and others. Taking into account the acute urgency of organizing cross-border electronic exchange of legally significant transport documents, the current paper has presented the analysis of the mechanism for ensuring the legal significance and power of a document in the cross-border exchange of paper documents, since it has already been formed and now works in cross-border international cooperation. The formed organizational and technological mechanisms, based on information and communication technologies, must maintain the same level of legal power and significance of an electronic document, which is already inherent in a paper document. The paper has systematized the organizational and technological mechanisms for the exchange of electronic transport and shipping documents, such as the unification of format requirements, including an international bill of lading, communication systems to support the exchange of electronic documents, electronic signature of documents, cross-border space of trust, inclusion in the mechanism of a trusted third party and the formation of infrastructure of trusted third parties, mechanisms for ensuring the interoperability of systems, the use of the capabilities of services of digital platforms. These mechanisms have various degrees of approximation to the level of ensuring the legal significance and strength of a paper document, as well as restrictions, and they operate either at the regional or at the narrow industry level. The presented study results made it possible to formulate the questions that should be answered to ensure the cross-border exchange of electronic documents of legal significance.

UDK: 656.078.12

Lyudmila M. Gruzdeva - Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate professor of the department ‘Informational technologies in jurisprudence and management documentation’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The current paper deals with the practical aspects of the implementation of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of enforcing security of subjects and objects of critical information infrastructure. The author of the paper has focused on the necessity to meet the requirements for categorizing transport infrastructure elements, i.e. the allocation of significant objects by companies in accordance with the values of the indicator of the social criterion of significance. The paper has identified the prospects for bringing those to administrative responsibility responsible for non-compliance with the requirements of the legislation, including for violation of the terms of categorization. There have been presented the estimated amounts of fines for officials and legal entities. In order to illustrate the application of Art. 274.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, there has been provided statistics of registered crimes and cases sent to court with indictment.

UDK: 339.9:347.463

Aleksey V. Gubin - Candidate of Economic Sciences, associate professor of the department ‘Customs Law and Organization of the Customs Affairs’ of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The current paper has considered the concept of an intelligent checkpoint and its introduction in the form of developing promising models of checkpoints across the state border of the Russian Federation. There have been presented strategic directions and concepts in this area. The purpose of the paper was to analyze the results achieved in the development of promising models and identify further directions for their implementation both through the prism of the practice of the FCS of Russia and other state control bodies exercising control (supervision) at the customs checkpoints, and for conducting scientific research. It is obvious that the state of checkpoints is a constraining factor in the growth of foreign trade of goods. In this case, it is also necessary to take into account the development of the transit potential of the territory of the Russian Federation. There is no doubt that the promising models of checkpoints should incorporate all advanced customs and other technologies, e.g. the use of inspection systems and other modern technical means of customs control; devices for automatic video and photographic recording, including vehicle numbers; automated or automatic dispatching of the movement of vehicles across the checkpoint; use of electronic seals GLONASS. Such a large number of complex tools and technologies that will form large amounts of data, requires an effective control system, the core of which should be a unified database system. The fundamental point is the transition to a qualitatively new level of automation, based on “artificial intelligence”. In the future, unmanned vehicles must pass through checkpoints non-stop (in the absence of customs and other risks) with minimal human participation. There have been identified the future outlines of these models, since we are moving to a new stage in the development of international logistics in our country.

UDK: 347.463:637.032

Marina S. Maksina - post graduate of the Law Institute of the Russian University of Transport

Abstract. The current paper has considered the problems of information-psychological protection of the individual in the conditions of preventing a spread of mass infectious diseases on transport. The paper has analyzed present approaches to the study of legal aspects of information security and psychological safety of an individual on transport. There has been emphasized that the current information technologies have a significant effect on the consciousness of people and their psyche. The introduction of immune, so-called ‘digital’ passports on transport has been considered as new challenges and threats in the context of a pandemic, which made the search for new ways to counteract information-psychological, destructive effects on an individual extremely relevant. Thus, in the process of widespread introduction of digital technologies on transport, the factor of information and psychological protection of an individual should be taken into account as one of the priorities. The solution of the organizational and legal problems to prevent a spread of mass infectious diseases on transport should be accompanied by establishing an effective mechanism in a difficult epidemiological situation to ensure safety of passengers and workers of the transport complex, including enforcement of information security. The introduction of health passports, immune passports, digital passports, a biometric face recognition system on various modes of transport, the use of technologies that help to observe the quarantine regime by citizens infected with coronavirus (e.g. geolocation control of mobile devices, tracking the movements of citizens using video cameras at transport infrastructure facilities, etc.) have predetermined even greater relevance of issues of legal support of information security and psychological safety of an individual.

UDK: 681.518.54

Tatiyana Al. Maksimova - post graduate of the Russian University of Transport (MIIT), head of the department of judicial-contractual work of the Legal and Personnel Support Department of the Ministry of Transport and Road Infrastructure of the Moscow Region

Abstract. The current paper has presented a brief information on the development of the navigation system, regulatory legal acts governing navigation activities. There has been described the Regional Navigation and Information System of the Moscow Region, the purpose of its establishment, tasks, and the ability to use it to control the passenger traffic. There have been given the suggestions for improving the system and making changes to the regulations of the Russian Federation.