UDK: 343.3/.7

Vladimir Al. Zhavoronkov - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. There have been considered the issues related to solving diagnostic problems and establishing the vehicle group affiliation for a vehicle involved in a road traffic accident (crime), particularly a pedestrian collision in the evening or at night, and a vehicle that left the scene. There have been presented the statistical data confirming the relevance of this problem, as well as the opinions of scientists who consider road traffic accidents in such circumstances a serious threat to road safety. There have been listed and examined such main factors contributing to road accidents in the evening and at night as poor visibility, unlawful driver’s actions, the driver’s psychological and physical condition, etc. There has been noted that the relevance of this problem is characteristic not only of Russia but also of other countries. There have been described examples of successful solutions to certain traffic management and road safety issues in our country. There has been presented forensic methodology for identifying the make and model of a vehicle left the scene of an accident using external lighting devices while working with witnesses. There has been provided a description of the methodology, experimental studies, and their results. There has been concluded that the implementation of the proposed forensic methodology in the practical work of forensic and investigative units of internal affairs agencies will simplify the process of identifying a vehicle that left the scene of an accident, reduce the time required to compile operational-search information, and improve the efficiency of investigations in this category of cases. Furthermore, due to the current range of the Russian automobile market and the expansion of trade relations with China, there has been concluded that this methodology has potential for the future.

UDK: 351.811

Vitaly B. Vekhov - Doctor of Law, Professor, Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Academician, Honored Scientist and Educator of the Russian Academy of Natural History, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper deals with the official statistics revealing a constantly increasing number of road traffic accidents (RTAs) involving personal mobility devices (PMDs). Since establishing the administrative or criminal liability of those involved is highly problematic, and proving their guilt is also difficult, there has been proposed to address this negative situation by developing a theoretical and applied approach to forensic analysis of computer information contained in PMDs. The subjects of this study are the patterns of digital trace formation in electronic modules of the PMDs during road traffic accidents, the acquisition of digital evidence during their preliminary and forensic examination, and the development of scientifically based forensic recommendations for optimizing these law enforcement activities. The purpose of the work was to develop relevant theoretical and applied foundations for the forensic examination of evidentiary information contained in electronic modules of the PMDs, as well as methodological recommendations for optimizing the work with this evidence. Based on the study results, there has been concluded that forensic examination of digital evidence contained in electronic modules of PMDs should be carried out within the framework of digital forensics, as one of its new areas. The developed recommendations are aimed at advancing scientific knowledge in the field of digital forensics and can be applied in the investigation of road accidents involving PMDs.