UDK: 343.7

Valentina Iv. Shiyan - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Despite the measures taken to prevent property crimes, it is difficult to see solely favorable trends in this type of crime. Regardless of the rate of decline in the number of property crimes and their perpetrators, not only nationally but also in federal districts and most constituent entities of the Russian Federation, this type of crime poses a threat to national and public security. This situation is primarily due to their dominance in the structure of crime, which predetermines its quantitative and qualitative characteristics; self-serving motivation; the steady increase in the use of information and telecommunications technologies in their commission; huge harm, etc. The relevance of the issues discussed in the current paper is also underlined by the increased degree of public danger posed by individuals who commit crimes against property. For the most part, this is the most criminal contingent, which differs from other categories of criminals by a low level of education, the absence of a permanent source of income, a high rate of recidivism, the most negative moral and psychological characteristics, a wide prevalence of mental disorders, etc. The current paper has presented the study results of Russian legislation, scientific papers, and statistical indicators of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the period from 2020 to 2024 on crimes under Chapter 21 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as a longitudinal study of the personality of a criminal, based on investigative and judicial practice materials and forensic psychiatric examinations. The primary attention has been paid to the status and trends of index crimes against property. According to the author, the study results have demonstrated the necessity to improve the efficiency of measures aimed at preventing property crimes.

UDK: 332.1

Maksim Al. Serkov - Applicant of the department of legal support for national security, law, and order Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the issues of improving legal frameworks for comprehensive security in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. There has been substantiated the necessity to establish a federal territory, “The Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation”, and to develop and approve a Strategy for Enforcing Comprehensive Security in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation.

UDK: 343.34

Valery An. Novikov - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has examined the crucial issues of criminal liability for occupying a high-ranking position in a criminal hierarchy. Article 210.1 was introduced into the Russian Criminal Code five years ago, but the scholars have been debating what constitutes grounds for criminal liability for this crime. Based on an analysis of doctrinal views and case law, there has been concluded that the basis for criminal liability lies in the socially dangerous actions of a person occupying a high position in the criminal hierarchy, who controls the criminal environment. There have been given practical recommendations for classifying the crime and distinguishing it from the related offense under Part 4 of Article 210 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author of this article has supported the view that the crime under Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is continuous, and substantiated this conclusion based on theoretical principles of criminal law. There have been outlined the circumstances under which a person occupying a high position in a criminal hierarchy cannot be held liable under Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. There has been also substantiated that the perpetrator of this crime can only be a special perpetrator. Based on selected court rulings, there has been demonstrated that the application of Article 210.1 of the Russian Criminal Code has been tested not only on “thieves in law” but also on “position holders”. In future, the scope of criminal offenders may be expanded to include so-called “watchers” of various facilities and territories, i.e., criminal leaders with a lower but significant status in the criminal hierarchy.

UDK: 811:342

Kirill V. Alekseev - Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Literature and Journalism Department, Faculty of Russian Philology and National Culture, Ryazan State University named for S. Yesenin, Ryazan, Russia; Senior Researcher at the Security Problems Studies Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has examined the structural and systemic aspects of security because of the lack of a unified understanding of security types in science and the Russian legal framework. There has been proposed a security framework that divides security into two levels (international and national security), and national security into categories (personal security, public security, and state security) and types (environmental security, transport security, economic security, etc.). There has been argued that this framework could streamline and standardize the classification of national security components, establish their hierarchy, and more logically and clearly define Russia’s national security system.

UDK: 347.471

Viktor M. Shenshin - Candidate of Law, Security Problems Studies Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg State Fire Service University of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters named after the Hero of the Russian Federation, Army General E.N. Zinichev, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Abstract. Civil society is one of the key elements to ensure public security as a strategic national priority. The current study has focused on the evolution of scholarly approaches to the formation and development of civil society institutions in the field of public security enforcement. The dialogue between the state and civil society, aimed at improving mechanisms for interaction in ensuring public security, is not a static process, but a system of measures with corresponding dynamics of development that is constantly subject to improvement.

The paper was prepared as part of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of public security issues as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.

UDK: 332.1

Maksim Al. Serkov - The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the public and legal support for certain types of comprehensive security in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. There have been analyzed the legal issues related to the enforcement of state security, military security, public security, transport security, tourism security, economic, energy, and food security, as well as the protection of population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies.

UDK: 355.4

Timofey T. Pronin - researcher at the Center for Security Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The improvement of the CSTO’s efficiency is achieved through the unification of efforts by member states. This requires the development of a common position on various issues, which can be reflected in model legislation that helps overcome differences in opinions about legal regulation issues, including those related to public security. However, the development of such model acts requires prior coordination of the positions of the CSTO member states. The current paper has presented the analysis of the examples of the use of the concept of “public security” in the CSTO member states to identify similarities and differences in approaches to defining and understanding public security and its codification in legislative acts and strategic planning documents. According to the author these similarities and differences in opinions about public security, as reflected in national legislation, should be taken into account when creating new model legislative acts of the CSTO related to enforcing public security.

The paper was prepared as part of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of public security issues as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.

UDK: 343.326

Denis V. Iroshnikov - Head of the Department of Legal Support for National Security, Law and Order of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Chief Researcher at the Center for Security Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has identified and analyzed the specifics of the organizational and legal framework for anti-terrorist security of transport infrastructure facilities within the system of public security enforcement measures in the Russian Federation. There has been also analyzed the place of transport security and related categories within the public security system of the Russian Federation. There has been carried out a comparative analysis of the legal framework for anti-terrorist security of transport infrastructure facilities and similar institutions outside of transport. There has been considered the place of anti-terrorism security of transport facilities within the transport security system.

The paper was prepared as part of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of public security issues as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.

UDK: 351

Armen Ar. Asatryan - Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), researcher of the Security Problems Studies Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The adoption of Federal Law No. 172-FZ of June 28, 2014, and the signing of Presidential Decree No. 633 of November 8, 2021, have provided a significant boost to the development of strategic planning documents in national security. The current study has demonstrated that over the past few years, there has been developed a wide range of strategic planning documents that directly or indirectly address national security issues. But what do these strategic planning documents represent, and how are they interconnected? Answering these questions will help us understand how the modern system of strategic planning documents in the field ofnational security is structured.

The paper was prepared as part of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of public security issues as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.

UDK: 811:342

Kirill V. Alekseev - Associate professor of the department of literature and journalism of the faculty of Russian philology and national culture, S. A. Yesenin Russian State University, Senior researcher of the SPSC RAS, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the concepts related to the individual, society, and the state in the field of security. The issue has been analyzed from three perspectives, such as linguistic, doctrinal (scientific and legal), and regulatory practice. There has been established that, from a linguistic perspective, the concepts in the field of security are synonymous, which is presented in regulatory legal acts and documents on Russia’s strategic development. There has been argued that the word combinations “personal security” and “security of a person”, “public security” and “security of a society”, “state security” and “security of a state” should be considered synonymous in both legal scholarship and regulatory legal acts. This is supported by linguistic and comparative legal analysis. There has been proposed to develop a unified terminology and conceptual framework with the participation of linguists and security specialists, as well as to include their definitions and their work results into the legislative process.

The paper was prepared as part of the state assignment “Comprehensive study of public security issues as a strategic priority of national security of the Russian Federation (FFFZ-2025-0001)”.