UDK: 658.7:004

Evgeny Al. Nesterov - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Head of the law Institute, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Viktor Ya. Tsvetkov - Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Modern information technologies and information systems serve as the basis for the development of transport. At the same time, legal regulation lags behind the informatization level in the transport sector. Some concepts and entities of information technologies are not reflected in legal terms and legal relations. The current paper is devoted to the analysis of the relations of information technologies and legal possibilities that can regulate information objects and information relations. There has been shown that existing legal documents allow regulating a significant part of the field of information technologies and systems. There have been considered the issues of information transport law and given the recommendations for its improvement. The paper has identified the content of information transport law. There has been introduced a concept of information transport legal relations.

UDK: 349:004.8

Ildar R. Al’bikov - Candidate of Law, associate professor, associate professor of the department “Flight Operations and Flight Safety”, Ulyanovsk Civil Aviation Institute, Ulyanovsk, Russia

Evgeny N. Kovrizhnykh - Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate professor, head of the department “Flight Operations and Flight Safety”, Ulyanovsk Civil Aviation Institute, Ulyanovsk, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has examined the legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in transport security systems, types of technologies developed with the help of artificial intelligence, as well as the areas of application of these technologies in transport security systems in civil aviation. Currently, artificial intelligence helps to improve the safety and efficiency of flights. AI is used in automatic piloting, air traffic control and security systems, providing aviation specialists with the ability to make informed decisions based on data analysis, so this area requires careful legal regulation.

UDK: 625.745.12

Artur G. Shapovalov - Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has studied the legal regime of information systems used in building information modeling (BIM), including principles of legal regulation, subjects of legal relations, etc. The particular attention has been paid to the transport construction industry. There has been considered a lack of centralized measures to enforce information security and the incompletely implemented transition to domestic software. There has been concluded the necessity for detailed legal regulation of public relations regarding BIM, integrated into the information law system, taking into account all elements of the legal regime of information systems used in BIM.

UDK: 656.13

Lyudmila M. Maleshina - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Road accident data are the basis for monitoring progress and estimating the efficiency of road safety measures. The current paper has analyzed such key indicators of accidents on Russian roads for the five-year period from 2019 to 2023 as a number of road accidents (RA) with injuries, a total number of people killed and injured in road accidents, social risk and the severity of consequences. There has been established that the main cause of road accidents on the country’s roads is the violation of traffic rules by vehicle drivers. The paper has studied the legislative initiatives of the Government of the Russian Federation to increase fines for traffic violations in 2025. There has been presented an annual increasing dynamics of road accidents involving personal mobility vehicles (PMV), including fatalities. There have been reviewed sanctions for violation of traffic rules by PMV drivers, who are officially recognized as road users.

UDK: 658.7:004

Evgeny Al. Nesterov - Candidate of Law, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Viktor Ya. Tsvetkov - Doctor of technical Sciences, professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. Modern digital technologies and products are the basis for improving the transport sector and society. From a technological possibility digital transformation has become a necessity to manage the needs of transport infrastructure. Digital transformation introduces new processes and mechanisms that affect key factors of transport and transport digital law. Digital law as a phenomenon has emerged within the framework of the digital economy and digitalization of society. The current paper has considered the evolution of current research in the field of digital transformation of society and the development of digital law. There have been demonstrated similarities and differences between the concepts of digitalizing, digitalization, and digital transformation. There has been shown a connection between digital transformation and digital economy. Based on the generalization, there has been given an author’s definition of digital transformation. There has been substantiated the necessity to develop digital law for intelligent robots.

UDK: 349.22

Evgeny Al. Nesterov - Candidate of Law, head of the Law Institute, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Marianna Yu. Filippova - Candidate of Law, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Stanislav Ev. Shvagerus - Head of the Competence Center of the International Eurasian Forum “Taxi”

Abstract. The development of modern tools for implementing the principle of labor freedom contains not only new opportunities to manage one’s abilities for professional activity, but also new challenges for the formation of social security mechanisms. Self-employment, including platform employment, transforms traditional labor law institutions into new categories of social relations. The concept of the unity of social risk determines the relevance of developing models of social insurance for platform employees, allowing them, along with the employed workers, to be subjects of social security payments. In the current paper there has been considered the feasibility of empowering digital platforms with functions to provide social guarantees to the self-employed, the necessity to form associations of platform employees, and there has been modeled a prototype of their powers.

UDK: 347.45

Nadezhda Ev. Kozachenko - Joint Stock Company “TMKh-Locomotives”

Abstract. The basis for regulatory regulation of information security issues is the specificity of this category as a special legal phenomenon. At the same time, in the scientific literature there is no certainty regarding the essence of this legal phenomenon, its characteristic features and immanent signs of legal relations, which is explained by the polysemy and complexity of this phenomenon itself, and an inconsistent approach of a lawmaker to the definition of this concept. The problem is aggravated by the uncertainty of the doctrinal definition of information security as a basic categorical concept, which does not allow identifying its essential features and properties in relation to such an object of legal protection as a transport field. Based on the study results, there has been proved that there are no real contradictions between the ‘legal’ (objective) and ‘technological’ approaches to defining information security, and the author positions only complement each other. There has been proposed to combine the activity itself to achieve a state of security and the result of such activity in the concept of information security. Considering the specifics of the transport industry there has been proposed a definition of information security in the transport field and made proposals to improve the current legislation in terms of clarifying the definitions present in it.

UDK: 347.9

Svetlana An. Bystryakova - Joint Stock Company “Neftetransservis”

Abstract. At present systemic problems in the development of legal support for information security of the transport complex, as the current study shows, are of great priority and strategic importance due to their inclusion in the critical information infrastructure. The relevance of the study is currently determined by the requirements for the implementation of the strategic goals of national development, defined by the President of the Russian Federation after Inauguration on May 7, 2024. The implementation of strategic objectives of state policy which is aimed at prioritizing human rights and freedoms, justice in the social sphere and ensuring equality of citizens, society and state security, is directly related to the transport development, its multiplication with almost all spheres and industries, and the tasks of achieving digital maturity of the Russian economy in difficult conditions of further digitalization, sanctions aggression and the formation of a multipolar world. Strengthening the state sovereignty of Russia is associated with enforcing transport security in all its manifestations to achieve the required level of security. In the context of digital transformation, this is directly related to enforcing information security, protecting citizens from destructive information effect, and developing protection for the digital circulation of their personal data. There has been substantiated the relevance of this topic, considering the strategic objectives of national development, including those related to the development and adoption of an updated block of national projects on the development of transport system infrastructure, tourism, data economy, etc. In this regard, a scientific analysis is of great necessity according to information law, as well as based on law enforcement monitoring, the state of legal regulation and the development of processes for the formation of an intersectoral institution of legal regulation of the digital circulation of personal data in the transport security system.

UDK: 658.7:004

Evgeniy Al. Nesterov - Candidate of Law, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Viktor Ya. Tsvetkov - Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. Reliable communication exchange is the basis for the functioning and development of the transport sector. Many transport systems are exposed to risks in the course of their operation and therefore need a risk taxonomy. The taxonomy of communication risks makes it possible to reduce them and improve security systems. Digital development, digital transformation of society and the digital economy, along with the benefits, create conditions for the emergence of new digital risks. Risks exist objectively and are created by men. The main reason for human risk lies in the information uncertainty that exists in decision making. The study of the taxonomy of risks allows forming measures to reduce risks and prevent risk conditions. The current paper has presented an analysis of risks in the field of information communications that take place in the transport industry. Digitalization reduces a number of risks. But at the same time, it creates additional risks, which increases the threat to information security.

UDK: 658.7:004

Lyudmila M. Maleshina - Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate professor, Russian University of Transport

Irina Iv. Shatskaya - Candidate of Economic Sciences, associate professor, Russian University of Transport

Abstract. Reliable supply chains are the basis of the sustainable development of the logistics industry, but because of the prolonged pandemic, labor shortages, increased computer attacks and other problems, they have been repeatedly violated. The digital transformation of companies in the transport and logistics industry is a business imperative that allows improving the entire cycle of logistics processes. The current paper has presented the analysis of five-year reports from Rosstat on the use of digital technologies by Russian organizations, including those providing services on the economic activity “Transportation and storage”. The study of the current state of the industry has made it possible to highlight the positive and negative aspects of the digitalization of logistics processes. There has been determined that the introduction of new digital technologies for supply chain management provides such benefits as improved productivity, optimized delivery times, increased business profitability, but at the same time raises information security threats.