UDK: 33

Natalia V. Polovnikova - Candidate of Law, Chief Consultant, Legislative Assembly of the Sverdlovsk Region, Sverdlovsk Region, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has studied the specifics of legal regulation of entrepreneurial relations involving operators of individual mobility vehicles (hereinafter referred to as IMV), as well as other issues related to the legal status of entrepreneurial entities in the field of public transport mobility. There has been drawn attention to the gap in the definition of a legal status of a IMV operator. In this regard, there has been proposed to amend the current legislation to secure the status of a IMV operator and emphasized the advisability of establishing increased requirements for these entities as professional market participants who own high-risk equipment. In addition, there have been made proposals to improve the current legislation in order to implement the fundamentals of road security (admission to road traffic, establishment of a speed limit for vehicles, liability insurance).

UDK: 656.2

Viktor M. Koryakin - Doctor of Law, professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Evgeny Al. Nesterov - Candidate of Law, Director of the Law Institute, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper is a scientific and practical commentary to the Federal Law of November 30, 2024, No. 448-FZ, which amended the Federal Law “On Railway Transport in the Russian Federation” and the Charter of Railway Transport of the Russian Federation. Due to the legislative act in this country, the concept of “high-speed railway transport” was officially enshrined for the first time at the legislative level. The legal legitimization of high-speed railway transport in the Russian Federation will give a noticeable impetus to the establishment and development of high-speed railway traffic in the Russian Federation. The first such project will be a high-speed railway line between Moscow and St. Petersburg. The implementation of this project has begun since 2024. The paper has considered the main innovations in the legal regulation of high-speed railway transport in Russia, touched upon the issues of legal support for its security, and made some proposals for further improvement of transport legislation in terms of the development of high-speed railway service.

UDK: 342.951

Svetlana N. Zaykova - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Saratov State Law Academy, Saratov, Russia

Abstract. The current paper is devoted to the administrative and legal regulation of transport security at metro facilities. The strategic task of enforcing transport security from external and internal threats remains relevant. There has been established an existence of legal contradictions between the Regulation on federal state control (supervision) over compliance with the rules for the technical operation of off-street transport and the rules for the use of off-street transport and the Regulation on federal state control (supervision) in the field of transport security in terms of an object, subject, mandatory requirements and powers of supervisory bodies. There have been found out the facts of establishing regional administrative liability for offenses provided for in Part 1 of Article 11.15.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, entailing violations of citizens’ rights. In order to eliminate the existing legal imbalance and eliminate duplicating powers of supervisory authorities, there have been made the proposals to clarify the subject of federal state control (supervision) over compliance with the rules for the use of off-street transport.

UDK: 342

Vladimir An. Vinokurov - Doctor of Law, associate professor, Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire Service of Emercom of Russia, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Ruslan S. Stashkov - Senior Inspector of the Foreign Citizens’ Training Department of the Center for International Activities and Information Policy, Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire Service of Emercom of Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Abstract. According to the suggestion of the Government of the Russian Federation, there has been adopted the Federal Law No. 4-FZ of February 3, 2025 “On the Safety of People on Water Bodies”, which comes into force on September 1, 2025. When reviewing the text of the bill prepared for adoption in the second reading, there have been raised critical comments of a legal nature, a number of which remained after the adoption, approval, signing and publication of the Federal Law “On the Safety of People on Water Bodies” in the prescribed manner. The purpose of the current work was to draw the attention of officials involved in the preparation and adoption of federal laws concerning human safety in general and human safety on water bodies in particular to individual legal and organizational issues that were identified by the authors when reading the text of the bill and then when studying the provisions of the said Law. The main method used in the current work was the analysis of the norms of the said Law. There have been used the comparative-legal and formal-legal methods. The conducted critical analysis of individual norms of the Federal Law “On the Safety of People on Water Bodies” will serve as a basis for correcting the obvious shortcomings of this act, which, ultimately, will allow avoiding problems with its implementation in practice.

UDK: 629.735

Ildar R. Albikov - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Ulyanovsk Institute of Civil Aviation named after Chief Marshal of Aviation B. P. Bugaev, Ulyanovsk, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has examined the legal aspects of integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into the air traffic of the Russian Federation. Currently, the country is developing and implementing national standards that take into account both international requirements and the specific features of Russian airspace and the current air law system. There have been analyzed the existing legislative norms and rules of the operation of UAVs, as well as their interaction with manned aircraft. There has been made an emphasis on international experience and standards that can be adapted to the Russian legal system.

UDK: 351.711

Galina V. Petrova - Doctor of Law, Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Valery Iv. Stupakov - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, A.S. Griboyedov Moscow University, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the measures of legislative regulation to achieve the integrity and efficiency of the planning and program activities of JSC Russian Railways in managing state property. There have been analyzed the functions of state bodies and corporations in regulating property relations in the railway transport sector. There have been highlighted current problems of management, control and supervision, contractual and legal work of JSC Russian Railways in the area under consideration. There have been demonstrated the specific features of managing the state property of JSC Russian Railways, which is at the disposal of joint-stock companies, corporations, state unitary enterprises, united by common goals and objectives of the "single economic entity» of JSC Russian Railways. There has been noted the role of digitalization and contractual and legal work in improving the management of the property complex of JSC Russian Railways.

UDK: 656.01

Margarita R. Klyueva - Leading lawyer of the economic security problems’ research department, SBI "Institute of Economic Research", Donetsk, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the objects of the transport system of the Donetsk People's Republic that ensure its sustainable development and security, namely, railway, sea and river, automobile, urban electric transport, and pipeline transport, and analyzed their role in ensuring the smooth operation of the transport system. All types of transport in the Donetsk People's Republic play an important role in ensuring mobility and accessibility of transport services for the population, as well as in the sustainable development and security of the region. There has been concluded that continuous improvement and modernization of the transport system contribute to economic development, raising the standard of living of citizens and attracting investment. The introduction of advanced technologies, improving the quality of service and updating the infrastructure are key measures for the further development of the region's transport system.

UDK: 349

Denis Ev. Zaikov - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper, within the framework of a retrospective analysis of the development of aviation security regulation, has considered the features of legal regulation of the organization and implementation of airport border protection from the point of view of the list of entities authorized to carry out the relevant functions. There have been identified the reasons for the legislator's decision to demonopolize the specified sphere of public relations and estimated the prospects for their further development in connection with the upcoming transition to regulating issues of protecting civil aviation from acts of illegal interference within the framework of legislation on transport security.

UDK: 343.3/7

Vladimir Al. Zhavoronkov - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered the issues related to combating one of the most serious violations of traffic rules, namely dangerous driving, the definition of which has been introduced into Russian legislation lately. Justifying the relevance of the topic, the author has cited statistics confirming the seriousness and scale of the problem under study not only in our country but also abroad. Considering some aspects of the definition of dangerous driving, formulated in paragraph 2.7 of the Rules, and citing the opinions of many scientists, the paper has concluded that it is necessary to refine the concept of dangerous driving and clarify some points in its content, without which the reading of the legal norm in some cases may have an inaccurate or ambiguous interpretation. The paper has raised the issue of the readiness of law enforcement agencies and the technical means at their disposal to record facts of dangerous driving. The particular attention has been paid to the work of the legislative bodies of the Russian Federation in the direction of combating dangerous traffic. There have been studied causes of dangerous driving, as well as the factors influencing the emergence of this phenomenon with reference to the opinions of scientists expressed on the pages of both domestic and foreign scientific publications. There has been concluded that there is a necessity for a comprehensive approach to solving the issue of dangerous (aggressive) driving. The author has also paid attention to the psychological aspects of the personality of the driver-offender, which determine his behavior when driving a vehicle and significantly affect road safety. During the study and in conclusion, there has been proposed a number of specific measures of a regulatory, organizational, technical and educational-preventive nature, aimed at eliminating the causes and conditions of dangerous (aggressive) driving.

UDK: 342.951:351.82

Nikolay L. Shelukhin - Doctor of Law, professor, Institute of Economic Research, Donetsk

Abstract. The current paper has analyzed the status and development prospects of the transport complex of the Donetsk People’s Republic. There has been proposed to open a specialty “Legal Support of National Security” at the Mariupol State University named after A. Kuindzhi.