UDK: 343.2/.7

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30932/2500-1868-2026-59-3-12

Valentina Iv. Shiyan - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, and Law Enforcement Activity, Law Institute, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Countering extremism in Russia is one of the most important tasks to enforce national security. A key step in this effort was the adoption of Federal Law No. 128-FZ of May 5, 2014, which added Article 354.1 (“Rehabilitation of Nazism”) to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article aims to prevent the spread of Nazi ideology within Russia and to counter attempts to falsify history. It is recognized at the state level that the spread of the rehabilitation of Nazism contributes to the distortion of historical truth and the erosion of historical memory, creates conditions for interethnic and interfaith conflicts, undermines trust in state institutions, discredits the ideals of service to the Fatherland, and so forth—thereby posing an objective threat to the national security of the Russian Federation. Despite the preventive measures, there are no grounds to speak of favorable trends, as the last five years have seen a consistent rise in crimes under Article 354.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and in the number of individuals committing them. The high degree of public danger associated with the rehabilitation of Nazism underscores the relevance of the issues of the current paper. There have been presented the findings of a study covering international instruments, Russian legislation, scholarly literature, and Russian Interior Ministry statistics (2021–2025) regarding crimes under Article 354.1 of the Criminal Code, alongside a criminological profile of the offender convicted of rehabilitating Nazism. There has been paid attention to the state and trends regarding the rehabilitation of Nazism, recognizing its danger to society and the need for its criminalization. The current paper has outlined the most common forms of the rehabilitation of Nazism. According to the author the study results demonstrate the necessity to enhance the efficiency of measures aimed at preventing the rehabilitation of Nazism.

Keywords: rehabilitation of Nazism; extremist crimes; national security; crime prevention; public security; profile of an offender.

References:

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Shiyan V.I. The rehabilitation of Nazism in the context of national security enforcement // Transport law and security. 2026; (3(59)):150―157.