UDK: 343.3/7

Vladimir Al. Zhavoronkov - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has considered some issues of investigating road traffic accidents (hereinafter referred to as RTAs) caused by dangerous (aggressive) driving. There have been described the factors that negatively affect both the efficiency of individual investigative actions and the investigation. There have been identified the existing shortcomings of investigating the RTA scene, the features and difficulties to obtain objective information about the event occurred, etc. There have been presented convincing statistics and opinions of scientists, confirming the increased danger of dangerous (aggressive) driving and the severity of consequences of the RTA committed under such circumstances. There have been considered some legal aspects of dangerous (aggressive) driving and problems associated with recording this type of offense and proving it. There has been paid a particular attention to the work of the legislative bodies of the Russian Federation to combat dangerous driving. There has been proposed specific measures aimed at eliminating problems arising when investigating road traffic accidents caused by dangerous (aggressive) driving, as well as measures to combat this type of violation of the Traffic Rules.

UDK: 343.97

Elena An. Drozdova - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has presented a comprehensive analysis of the set of factors (socioeconomic, technical, psychological and organizational) that determine the nature and scale of crimes in the transport sector. There has been considered a wide range of issues related to the security of transport infrastructure, from identifying the main causes of offenses and to assessing their consequences for public order. Particular attention has been paid to both theoretical aspects of transport security and practical measures aimed at preventing crimes in this area. At the same time, there has been emphasized a necessity to improve legal regulation, including increasing liability for acts committed in transport. There has been highlighted the importance of modern technologies for minimizing the risks associated with criminal manifestations in the transport sector. The implementation of intelligent transport systems, including video surveillance, automatic recognition of vehicle numbers and faces, as well as platforms for monitoring the traffic situation in real time have been given as examples. There has been emphasized a role of digitalization in reducing crime rates, including through protecting transport systems from cyberattacks. In addition, there have been considered the issues of interaction between various government agencies and issues of international cooperation in preventing transport crimes. There have been analyzed such contemporary challenges as the growth of migration flows and its impact on the dynamics of crimes in the transport sector, the use of vehicles for terrorist purposes, and the adaptation of the transport security system to the conditions of globalization. There has been concluded the need for a comprehensive approach to transport security enforcement, which involves a combination of legal, social, technical and organizational tools.

UDK: 343.97

Svetlana V. Gusarova - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Train surfing (also known as train hopping or train hitching) means riding on the outside of a moving train, tram, or other forms of rail transport. Having appeared simultaneously with the development of steam locomotive transport, train surfing has taken more than one hundred lives. Statistics dispassionately state how many human lives have been ruined by this reckless passion; the figures speak of the deaths of very young people who have accomplished nothing in life. The purpose of the current paper was to show the real danger of this extreme hobby. There has been given a description of train surfing, analyzed the history of the emergence of train surfing in Russia, highlighted the personal characteristics of train surfers and the most significant motivations for their behavior, and analyzed possible ways to prevent this dangerous phenomenon.

UDK: 343

Aleksandr Ol. Troitsky - Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. The current paper is devoted to the study of the problem of illegal arms trafficking as one of the key threats to national security. The paper has studied the nature and scale of this phenomenon, its correlation with terrorist activity, organized crime and regional instability. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of factors which increase illegal arms trafficking, such as legal gaps and international smuggling. The paper has presented the statistics confirming the growth of cases of illegal weapons use, which proves the necessity of effective countermeasures. The study has highlighted that the fight against illegal weapons trafficking requires a systemic and multifaceted approach aimed at protecting national interests and ensuring public safety.

UDK: 343.983.25

Igor V. Kiselevich - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Mikhail V. Belyaev - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation named after V. Y. Kikot, Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Forensic examination of cable locking and sealing devices is a process of studying and evaluating these devices in order to establish their authenticity, integrity, and the possibility of using them as evidence in solving criminal or civil cases. The current paper has identified the problems that can arise when examining locking and sealing devices’ resistance to unauthorized opening and there have been suggested the ways to solve these issues.

UDK: 343.9

Nataliya Al. Grishko - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. In recent years, organized crime has increasingly developed new mechanisms of criminal attacks, especially in transport, which, being the most important economic component, traditionally attracts the attention of representatives of organized criminal communities. The process of merging criminal and economic organized crime itself appears to be long-term, subject to the effect of both positive and negative external factors. Modern criminal features of organized crime in transport act as a kind of indicator of the key directions and trends of this illegal activity. The current paper has studied the role of transport infrastructure both as an object of selfish interest of organized criminal groups, and the importance of criminological forecasting for the development of strategies and methods of counteraction. Particular attention has been paid to the necessity for legal regulation to strengthen the legal basis for combating transport crimes. There has been studied a destabilizing effect of the corruption factor in the process of combating organized crime in transport. A significant role has been given to victimological prevention to potential possible objects of criminal attacks. There has been noted that the development of the transport industry itself contributed not only to the emergence of new types of crime, but also to a change in the tactics of criminal activity in related areas. The registered crime rates cited in the current paper are falling due to both the efficiency of the preventive activities of authorized entities, and the process of the presented crimes becoming latent. There have been defined and criminologically substantiated the most acute issues, the solution of which is aimed at improving and increasing the efficiency in combating organized crime in transport.

UDK: 34

Stanislav V. Bazhanov - Doctor of Law, Professor, Academician of the Petrovskaya Academy of Sciences and Arts, Retired Colonel of Justice, Moscow, Russia

Andrey Ar. Malakhov - Associate Professor of the Criminal Law Discipline Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA, Vladimir branch), Retired Colonel of Police, Vladimir, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has presented the study of the individual issues related to the legal status of linear internal affairs departments of (LIAD) in air transport, their heads, as well as specialists investigating crimes committed at the facilities of the corresponding infrastructure. The authors of the paper consider the wording of Article 40 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation in the part concerning the regulation of the legal status of (the heads of inquiry bodies and officers in the LIAD to be incorrect and subject to urgent revision to effectively ensure the safety of crews and passengers of aircraft located outside the destination airport. There has been also stated that the preliminary investigation of transport crimes and incidents, regulated by the norms of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, should not be burdened by administrative (official) investigations carried out by so-called special state commissions, as well as technical investigations carried out by civil personnel.

UDK: 43.3/.7(075)

Valentina Iv. Shiyan - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. At the present stage of development of society in all countries of the world, crimes against traffic safety and operation of transport pose a threat to state and public security, since they are associated with huge social, material and demographic losses. The solution to the problems of ensuring traffic safety is not limited by the framework of a single state and the norms of national legislation. The international community is actively involved in addressing issues related to improving road safety, as evidenced by numerous global conferences, high-level international meetings, and final documents (declarations, resolutions, global plans, technical documentation packages, etc.) that outline the main proposed measures, call for the establishment of national targets to reduce the number of deaths, and the development and implementation of regional, national and subnational plans that include road safety targets. The relevance of the issues discussed in the paper is underlined by the fact that the period from 2021 to 2030 has been declared by the United Nations as the Second Decade of Action for Road Safety. The paper has presented the study results of the Russian legislation, documents of international organizations, scientific works, and statistical indicators of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the period from 2019 to 2023 on crimes under Chapter 27 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which made it possible to identify their status, dynamics, tendencies, and basic preventive measures. There has been drawn an attention to the latency of the type of crime under study and the regional component. According to the author, the consistent tendency of decreasing crimes against traffic safety and operation of transport recorded by official statistics is explained by the improved efficiency of preventive measures and the effectiveness of interaction between the entities implementing these measures.

UDK: 656.13

Mariyam F. Mingalimova - Candidate of Law, associate professor, Kazan Law Institute (a branch) of the University of Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation, Kazan

Abstract. The current paper is devoted to the issues of preventing the commission of crimes in the field of road traffic safety. There has been emphasized the necessity to change the behavior of road users who drive vehicles while intoxicated, to ensure the safety of road users and reduce the number of deaths and injuries on the roads. There have been demonstrated specific examples of the sequence of formation and implementation of domestic state policy in the field of road traffic safety at the federal and regional levels. There has been analyzed an efficiency of the means used to combat drunk drivers and given statistical indicators. There has been paid special attention to foreign experience.

UDK: 342

Sergey Iv. Leonov - Russian University of Transport (MIIT)

Abstract. The current paper has substantiated the relevance of developing a system of regulatory and other organizational measures in the field of ensuring public safety and security in railway transport. The arguments made by the author are supported by current statistics on crime and accidents in transport. There has been shown multiplicity of cases of crimes committed in transport, highlighted the number of crimes committed in transport using information and telecommunication technologies or in the field of computer information. There has been defined the Concept of Public Safety and Security in the Russian Federation as a necessary organizational basis for the practical implementation of administrative and legal measures to improve the railway transport protection system.