UDK: 347.4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30932/2500-1868-2026-58-2-19

Yuri Al. Tarasenko - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Abstract. Contemporary legal doctrine is still debating the relationship between the categories of “source” and “form” of law, resulting in terminological ambiguity and complicating law enforcement. The purpose of the current study was to conceptually distinguish between these categories and identify their sectoral specificity in the field of transport regulation. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of the nature of the regulatory framework that forms the legal framework for transport activities, as well as the mechanisms for their external enforcement in the context of fragmented sectoral legislation. The work has been based on a general theoretical analysis, a dogmatic method, and a systemic-structural approach. There has been substantiated the inefficiency of equating the source and form of law. There has been established that the source of law is the will of the state or other entities, which serves as the primary cause for the emergence of normative prescriptions, while the form is the external expression and official method of recording these rules. Since transport law is characterized by the absence of a unified code and the complex technical nature of relations, there has been formulated a definition that the source of transport law is an officially recognized procedure for the manifestation of regulatory will, embodied in an established legal form, possessing formal certainty, general bindingness and applicability in law enforcement activities. The study results allow eliminating theoretical contradictions, optimizing the choice of legal mechanisms, and resolving conflicts between acts of varying legal force. The conclusions can be applied for lawmaking, judicial practice, and academic teaching. The paper has enriched legal theory by clearly separating the substantive basis and procedural formulation of norms.

Keywords: source of law; form of law; transport law; normative regulation; legal will; conflicts of norms; legal doctrine.

References:

1. Mikhaylovskiy, I. V. Ocherki filosofii prava [Essays on the philosophy of law] / I. V. Mikhaylovskiy. ― Tom 1. ― Tomsk, 1914.
2. Aleksandrov, N. G. Ponyatiye istochnika prava [The concept of a source of law] / N. G. Aleksandrov // Uchenyye trudy VIYUN. ― Moskva, 1946. ― Vypusk VIII.
3. Zivs, S. L. Istochniki prava [Sources of law] / S. L. Zivs. ― Moskva, 1981.
4. Mal'tsev, G. V. Ponimaniye prava. Podkhody i problemy [Understanding law. Approaches and problems] / G. V. Mal'tsev. ― Moskva, 1999.
5. Voplenko, N. N. Istochniki i formy prava [Sources and forms of law] / N. N. Voplenko. ― Volgograd, 2004.
6. Gurova, T. V. Istochniki rossiyskogo prava: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk [Sources of Russian law] / T. V. Gurova. ― Saratov, 1998.
7. Rodionova, O. M. Razvitiye nauchnykh predstavleniy ob istochnikakh prava (na primere istochnikov grazhdanskogo prava) [Development of scientific ideas about the sources of law (on the example of sources of civil law)] / O. M. Rodionova // Pravovedeniye. ― 2005. ― № 3. ―S. 130—143.
8. Get'man-Pavlova, I. V. Mezhdunarodnoye chastnoye pravo: uchebnik [International private law] / I. V. Get'man-Pavlova. ― Moskva, 2013.
9. Pridvorova, M. N. Obychay v otechestvennoy tsivilistike kak traditsionnyy istochnik grazhdanskogo prava [Custom in domestic civilistics as a traditional source of civil law] / M. N. Pridvorova, Ye. A. Starchikova // Pravo: istoriya i sovremennost'. ― 2019. ― № 1.
10. Kozlova, Ye. I. Konstitutsionnoye pravo Rossii [Constitutional law of Russia] / Ye. I. Kozlova, O. Ye. Kutafin. ― Moskva: Yurist, 1999.
11. Rayanov, F. M. Yurisprudentsiya: kurs lektsiy [Jurisprudence: a course of lectures] / F. M. Rayanov. ― Ufa, 2001.
12. Polyakov, A. V. Kommunikativnaya kontseptsiya prava (genezis i teoretiko-pravovoye obosnovaniye): dis. ... d-ra yurid. nauk v vide nauch. dokl. [Communicative concept of law (genesis and theoretical-legal justification)] / A. V. Polyakov. ― Sankt-Peterburg, 2002.
13. Nedbaylo, P. Ye. Primeneniye sovetskikh pravovykh norm [Application of Soviet legal norms] / P. Ye. Nedbaylo. ― Moskva, 1960.
14. Alekseyev, S. S. Pravo: azbuka — teoriya — filosofiya: opyt kompleksnogo issledovaniya [Law: ABC - Theory - Philosophy: an experience of a comprehensive study] / S. S. Alekseyev. ― Moskva, 1999.
15. Yegiazarov, V. A. Transportnoye pravo: uchebnik [Transport law] / V. A. Yegiazarov. ― 8-ye izd., dop. i pererab. ― Moskva: Yustitsinform, 2015.
16. Morozov, S. YU. Transportnoye pravo: uchebnik dlya vuzov [Transport law] / S. YU. Morozov. ― Moskva: Izdatel'stvo Yurayt, 2021.
17. Muravskiy, V. A. Aktual'no-pravovoy aspekt pravoponimaniya [The current legal aspect of understanding law] / V. A. Muravskiy // Gosudarstvo i pravo. ― 2005. ― № 2.
18. Morozova, L. A. Yeshche raz o sudebnoy praktike kak istochnike prava [Once again about judicial practice as a source of law] / L. A. Morozova // Gosudarstvo i pravo. ― 2004. ― № 1.
19. Plotskaya, O. A. Sushchnost' pravovogo obychaya kak istochnika prava [The essence of legal custom as a source of law] / O. A. Plotskaya// Vestnik KRAGSiU. Ser. «Gosudarstvo i pravo». ― 2014. ― № 17.
20. Khvostov, V. M. Obshchaya teoriya prava: elementarnyy ocherk [General theory of law: an elementary essay] / V. M. Khvostov. ― 5-ye izd. ― Moskva: Librokom, 2011.
21. Tarasenko, YU. A. K voprosu o vvedenii v nauchnyy oborot relikvial'nykh i normativno-pravovykh obychayev [On the issue of introducing relic and normative-legal customs into scientific circulation] / YU. A. Tarasenko // Baykal'skiye komparativistskiye chteniya: materialy mezhdunar. nauch. -prakt. konf. (Irkutsk, 26—27 marta 2026 g.) / otvetstvennyy redaktor I. A. Minnikes. ― Irkutsk: Izd. dom BGU, 2026.

Download article: PDF file

For citation: copy to clipboard

Tarasenko Yu.A. Sources of transport law: reflections on the origin and nature // Transport law and security. 2026; (2(58)):231―238.