UDK: 347.85: 629.735.05-519(4+5)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30932/2500-1868-2026-58-2-21

Aleksey Al. Konik - Putilin Belgorod Law Institute of Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Belgorod, Russia

Abstract. The current paper has presented a comprehensive comparative legal study of approaches to regulating unmanned aerial vehicles that have been developed in European and Asian jurisdictions. There have been analyzed conceptual models for integrating unmanned aerial vehicles into national airspace, ranging from total centralization and administrative licensing to a risk-based approach and experimental legal regimes. There has been studied in detail the issue of extraterritorial application of regulations, jurisdictional conflicts, and data protection and privacy standards when using unmanned aerial vehicles. The theoretical basis of the study has been formed by legislative and other regulatory acts of European and Asian countries, scientific reports, and research by foreign and Russian scholars. The study results have revealed the specifics of legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicle in Europe and Asia. A comparative legal analysis of scientific materials, legislative acts, and other regulations has established that the European model for regulating unmanned aerial vehicles is based on a risk-based approach, which reduces administrative barriers while maintaining high safety standards. The Asian approach emphasizes strict government control and centralized planning for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, which is effective for defense and public safety but creates barriers to innovative logistics. The conducted analysis has demonstrated that the development of an effective legal framework for unmanned aerial vehicles is in a dynamic development stage, even in countries that are dominant in this industry. Despite the existence of objective tendencies towards the convergence of legal institutions implemented by the International Civil Aviation Organization, it seems doctrinally justified to single out the set of rules governing relations regarding the use of unmanned aerial vehicles as an independent legal institution.

Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicles; air law; digital law; personal data; flight safety.

References:

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Konik А.А. A comparative analysis of the legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicle in Europe and Asia // Transport law and security. 2026; (2(58)):247―254.